Bearing responsibility

To be responsible is to be the one who answers when something goes wrong: who can be blamed, sued, sanctioned, forgiven, or made to repair. Law assigns this to natural and legal persons, and the EU's 2024 product liability directive extends liability for software and AI systems to their producers, not to the systems. A model can be the cause of harm; it cannot be the party that owes something for it. This is not a limit of capability but a fact about what answering is.